Sunday, January 22, 2012

Resource Analysis 2


Savay 1
Aliz Savay
Mr. Zarwell
Global Studies Seminar
22 January 2012
The Effects of Berlusconi’s Sex Scandals
            In the article, “The Berlusconi Sex Scandal Explained,” Hada Messia discusses the Italian public’s reaction to Berlusconi’s various sex scandals and the effect they have had not only on his time as Prime Minister, but also on the Italian public’s morality. Messia argues that the manifold sex scandals that Berlusconi has been involved in have completely affected the Italian public’s viewpoint of women and sexuality. Italians have become accustomed to the demoralization of women due to Berlusconi’s actions and his extreme amount of power in Italy. Messia is biased against Berlusconi and mainly describes Nicoletta Dentico’s view of Berlusconi, expressing her concerns on the effects of his actions on young women today and how his scandals have affected Italy as a whole. However, Messia does not speak enough to the other effects Berlusconi’s scandals have had on Italy or if his scandals actually happened or not in the first place.
            Messia does not necessarily express her view of the scandals, but rather uses many other sources’ opinions on Berlusconi and the possible effects that he has had on Italy. She mainly expresses Nicoletta Dentico’s portrayal of Berlusconi, as a corrupt leader, negatively impacting Italians’ views of women. Messia quotes Dentico saying, “Nowhere else in the world would a prime minister who is
Savay 2
enveloped in these types of scandals remain in place.” She also claims that Italians are in a “mental coma” and that in Italy, “rulers who appeared to act above the law are a recurring theme.” This is one viewpoint of Berlusconi, but this may not necessarily be correct. It is biased to claim that Italians are blind to Berlusconi’s actions and that they are in a mental coma because Berlusconi has actually done a lot of great things for Italy, and he cannot be defined by his scandals.
            Not only does Messia discuss Dentico’s viewpoint, but also Massimo Fagioli, who is a psychiatrist, professor, and author. Messia is very biased, presenting Fagioloi in a very experienced light, stating all of his achievements then quoting him saying that he “believes Italians have a tendency to shrug off these types of scandals because they say ‘he has the money. He can do whatever he wants.’” This viewpoint once again bashes Berlusconi and makes it seem like the Italian public is just finding excuses and justifications for Berlusconi’s actions. Similarly, Messia quotes Dentico once again stating, “Dentico believes that Berlusconi has won the tolerance of Italians through the influence of his media empire” and that “he is a perfect communicator and a good seller,” once again presenting him in a bad light as a man of propaganda and corruption.
            Later Messia criticizes Berlusconi and his effect on young women once again through Dentico’s quotes. Dentico believes that Berlusconi has given girls a bad example through his actions, rewarding them for their sexuality and appointing them to high positions. “Dentico says many girls want to emulate the model projected by Berlusconi’s TV channels, which promote a stereotypical idea of young
Savay 3
women as dances and TV show girls, known in Italy as ‘veline,’” writes Messia. However, throughout this article, Messia describes how Berlusconi constantly justifies his actions and denies all allegations. Berlusconi has denied all sex scandals, and has justified his placements of women into high powers by saying that they are deserving of their positions. However, in the end, “Dentico says the movement goes beyond Berlusconi—it’s a battle to change Italian culture.”
            Messia addresses the question of the true effects of Berlusconi’s sex scandals and how they have affected the Italian viewpoint as a whole, not just Berlusconi’s terms as prime minister. Messia first describes his scandals, and Berlusconi’s justifications for his actions, and the girls’ denial of the scandals along with Berlusconi. However, Messia then goes on to give a biased view of Berlusconi through Dentico’s feelings, illustrating Berlusconi as a corrupt man who has completely affected Italian culture through his actions. Because Messia gives the high achievements of Dentico and the other people she quotes, this portrait of Berlusconi is very persuasive, but extremely biased at the same time. Although Messia speaks to the viewpoints of Berlusconi’s supporters in the beginning of the article, Messia gives overwhelming evidence of the corruption and negative effect that Berlusconi has had on Italy in the end.
            Messia uses logical reasoning that Berlusconi has truly impacted Italy, but is extremely biased in her sources. She continuously quotes Dentico, who is very against Berlusconi and all that he stands for. Although some of the points make sense, this article presents Berlusconi in a very negative light, accusing him of
Savay 4
committing many crimes and being involved in countless scandals. Although none of these accusations were proven, Messia and Dentico believe that they have nevertheless influenced Italian culture and young girls’ attitudes, offering rewards for their sexuality. Messia concludes that Berlusconi’s support is waning, but it whether it is because of his policies or his scandals is unclear. However, his effect on Italy cannot be overlooked, and Italian culture as a whole is completely changed due to his actions as Prime Minister.

Work Cited
Messia, H.. The berlusconi sex scandal explained. N.p., 2011. Web. 22 Jan 2012. <http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/europe/08/23/berlusconi.sex.scandal.explained/index.html>.

Thursday, January 19, 2012

Paper Proposal


Aliz Savay
Mr. Zarwell
Global Studies Seminar
16 January 2010
Berlusconi’s Rise to Power and Effect on Italy’s Economy
Silvio Berlusconi is the world’s longest-serving post-war prime minister and one of Italy’s wealthiest men. He gained power through his media empire Mediaset, and later became prime minister of Italy in 1994 with his own political party, Forza Italia. Although he is a “rags-to-riches” man and was vastly supported throughout his time in power, his support soon began to decline during his last time in office when he began to become extremely controversial, his life surrounded by scandals, trials, and manipulation. In my paper, I would like to research how Berlusconi came to power and his younger life as an extremely influential businessman, and how it all came crashing down. Berlusconi went from being one of the most powerful men in the country, loved by the majority of Italy, to a man who destroyed Italy’s economy and is now widely seen as a 75 year old man who needs to exit politics for good. I would also like to research exactly how Berlusconi impacted Italy’s economy and the actions he took which decreased the value of the Euro, adding to the European debt crisis, and put Italy in the extreme amount of debt the country is in today. Why did Berlusconi’s attempts at saving the economy fail and what measures could he have taken to save the economy along with his reputation? I would like to see if the European economy was in too bad of shape because of Greece, or if Berlusconi really did have a large impact on the euro zone, and also if Monti’s new austerity measures will truly revive Italy’s economy.
This topic is extremely interesting to me due to the fact that I am Hungarian and travel to Europe frequently. Italy is my favorite country to visit, and I love knowing about its economy and the effect Berlusconi has had on it. In addition, Berlusconi’s scandals and controversial actions also interest me, compelling me to learn more about him and the effect that these trails and scandals had on his political career.
This topic is very important to the world, because the state of Italy’s economy directly affects the state of the European economy. Also, directly following Berlusconi’s resignation, U.S. stocks went up in hopes that his absence from politics and Mario Monti’s new reforms would be able to fix Italy’s economy. Berlusconi has had a significant impact on not only Italy but the whole world due to the crumbling state of Italy’s economy, which makes his time as prime minister extremely relevant to the world around us and an interesting topic to research.

Bibliography
Donadio, R., and E. Povoledo. "Berlusconi steps down and italy puslses with change." . N.p., 2011. Web. 18 Jan 2012. <http://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/13/world/europe/silvio-berlusconi-resign-italy-austerity-measures.html>.
Winfield, N.. Berlusconi resigns: Italian prime minister silvio berlusconi steps down after 17 years. N.p., 2011. Web. 18 Jan 2012. <http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/11/12/berlusconi-resigns_n_1089979.html>.
Messia, Hada, and Matthew Chance. "Italy’s Silvio Berlusconi Steps Down as Prime Minister." CNN World. N.p., 2011. Web. 18 Jan 2012. <http://articles.cnn.com/2011-11-12/world/world_europe_italy-government_1_people-of-freedom-party-bunga-bunga-parties-presidential-palace?_s=PM:EUROPE>.
Remondini, and Totaro. "Italy Seeks to Raise Cash From Frequencies Amid Debt Crisis - Bloomberg." Bloomberg - Business & Financial News, Breaking News Headlines. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Jan. 2012. <http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-12-20/italy-seeks-to-raise-cash-from-tv-frequencies-amid-debt-crisis.html>.
Totaro , Lorenzo . "Monti Prescribes ‘Aspirin’ for New Year’s Debt Ache: Euro Credit - Bloomberg." Bloomberg - Business & Financial News, Breaking News Headlines. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Jan. 2012. <http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-01-03/monti-prescribes-italian-aspirin-for-new-year-s-debt-ache-euro-credit.html>.
Moody, Barry. " Europe debt crisis brings down Italy's Berlusconi | Reuters ." Business & Financial News, Breaking US & International News | Reuters.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Jan. 2012. <http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/11/08/us-eurozone-idUSTRE7A72R320111108>.
DONADIO, RACHEL, and ELISABETTA POVOLEDO. "Italy’s Leader, Silvio Berlusconi, Offers to Resign - NYTimes.com." The New York Times - Breaking News, World News & Multimedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Jan. 2012. <http://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/09/world/europe/support-for-berlusconi-ebbs-before-crucial-vote.html?pagewanted=all>.
"BBC News - Italy crisis: Silvio Berlusconi resigns as PM." BBC - Homepage. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Jan. 2012. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-15708729>.
"Can Berlusconi's Departure Save the Euro? - Megan McArdle - Business - The Atlantic." The Atlantic — News and analysis on politics, business, culture, technology, national, international, and life รข€“ TheAtlantic.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Jan. 2012. <http://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2011/11/can-berlusconis-departure-save-the-euro/248121/>.
"Berlusconi: An Interview with Italy's Resigning Leader - TIME." Breaking News, Analysis, Politics, Blogs, News Photos, Video, Tech Reviews - TIME.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Jan. 2012. <http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2099017,00.html.>
"BBC News - Profile: Silvio Berlusconi, ex-Italian prime minister." BBC - Homepage. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Jan. 2012. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-11981754>.
Stille, Alexander. The sack of Rome: how a beautiful European country with a fabled history and a storied culture was taken over by a man named Silvio Berlusconi. New York: Penguin Press, 2006. Print.
Bondebjerg, Ib., and Peter Golding. European culture and the media. Bristol: Intellect, 2004. Print.
Jones, Tobias. The dark heart of Italy. New York: North Point Press, 2004. Print.
Bull, Martin J., and James Newell. Italian politics: adjustment under duress. Cambridge, UK: Polity, 2005. Print.
Carbone, Maurizio. Italy in the post-Cold War order: adaptation, bipartisanship, visibility. Lanham, Md.: Lexington Books, 2011. Print.
Bindi, Federiga M.. Italy and the European Union. Rome: Scuola Superiore della Pubblica Amministrazione (SSPA) ;, 2011. Print.

Resource Analysis 1


Savay 1
Aliz Savay
Mr. Zarwell
Global Studies Seminar
16 January 2012
Berlusconi’s Rise to Power
            In the article, “Profile: Silvio Berlusconi, ex-Italian Prime Minister,” the author summarizes Berlusconi’s rise to power in Italy, along with the many scandals surrounding his later life as a politician. The author addresses Berlusconi’s early career and his steps to becoming a media mogul and eventually Italy’s longest-serving postwar prime minister. Despite his incredible amount of power, however, during his last term full of controversies, he managed to ruin Italy’s economy, and has therefore had a lasting effect on Italy and the European Union. The author is very straightforward, and I agree with all of his or her points, presenting the events very factually. The author addresses the topics of Berlusconi’s leadership in a succinct manner, only including what he or she thinks are the most important parts.
            The author writes mostly about Berlusconi’s life, presenting him in a “rags-to-riches” kind of light, starting his career “by selling vacuum cleaners,” and then working his way up throughout his life and eventually becoming prime minister of Italy in 1994. The author writes to the general public, and anyone interested in Berlusconi’s history and impact on Italy. He or she addresses the question of “why did Berlusconi resign,” while also giving a profile of Berlusconi, explaining his early life in media, not just politics.
            Savay 2
The author begins the article getting right to the point, directly speaking to Berlusconi’s resignation in November of 2011 and the scene that was present that day with hundreds of people cheering. The author’s succinct style of writing with short paragraphs with little excessive information keeps the reader involved and interested. Due to the fact that this article is extremely factual, the reader has no reason to question the author. He or she structures the article in a very good way, transitioning from subject to subject very smoothly. The author begins to talk about Silvio Berlusconi’s resignation, then transitions into describing the fortune that he built as one of Italy’s richest men, which easily leads the way into his past and how he was able to build his empire. From there, the author was able to discuss his early career and his start in the television business and then segway into his role in politics with his own political Party, Forza Italia. The author then goes on to discuss his three terms as prime minister of Italy and concludes the article with sections regarding his legal battles and controversies, one of the main reasons behind his lack of support near the end of his career as prime minister.
            The author’s evidence is extremely persuasive, using facts from Berlusconi’s past to illustrate her argument and his history. The author structures the article into four neat parts, the introduction, Forza Italia, Legal Battles, and Berlusconi’s women, making it very easy for the reader to comprehend. He or she uses many dates and interesting facts about Berlusconi, intriguing the reader and keeping the reader interested. However, the author does not incorporate any quotes, which could make the article more enticing. The author could have included quotes by Berlusconi, by
Savay 3
his colleagues, or other powerful people in Italian government to give the reader a better point of view of Berlusconi. Similarly, the author does not anticipate objections and counter opposing views due to the fact that this article is extremely factual, and I do not believe that he or she uses any faulty reasoning. However, in order to make the argument stronger, the author could have used many quotes and given more detailed information about Berlusconi and his scandals, his past, or his lasting impact on the Italian government because in my opinion, this article was too short and succinct.
            The author does a very good job at being extremely factual in the article, and keeps the reader engaged due to the organized structure and short paragraphs, only including information that is extremely important to Berlusconi’s past. However, the author should have included a more detailed view of Berlusconi, adding more information about his past, including his political career and his business career as a media mogul. The author’s thesis and way of presenting the information was very interesting and convincing, and truly gives the reader a great overview of Berlusconi’s private and public life.

Work Cited
MLA:
"BBC News - Profile: Silvio Berlusconi, ex-Italian prime minister." BBC - Homepage. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Jan. 2012. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-11981754>.

Wednesday, January 18, 2012

Annotated Bibliography 10


MLA:
"Berlusconi: An Interview with Italy's Resigning Leader - TIME." Breaking News, Analysis, Politics, Blogs, News Photos, Video, Tech Reviews - TIME.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Jan. 2012. <http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2099017,00.html.>

This article describes Berlusconi’s feelings towards resignation and the reasons behind his resignation. Berlusconi stated, “"As soon as the stability pact is approved in Parliament, I will resign. And seeing as there are no other potential governing coalitions, the only possibility I see are elections in early February — elections in which I will no longer be the candidate." Berlusconi wanted to pass the austerity measures as quick as possible so that he could resign, knowing that the austerity measures and a direct response to the market was the only way to save Italy’s economy. However, Berlusconi’s feelings are very strong about his resignation, feeling completely betrayed by the people whom he trusted most, including Roberto Antonione, who even made Berlusconi his daughter’s godfather. After resigning, Berlusconi said that he would be "founding father of my party ... and maybe return to being president of the AC Milan.”  Berlusconi also said, "I am tired of not being able to impose my will and not being able to push the policy that I would like. I am more powerful as a free citizen than as Prime Minister. “ Berlusconi also defends himself on the subject of dictatorship by saying, “"Of course, I am not a dictator, even if you [in the press] have written that I am for years. What I mean is that the founding fathers of Italy, precisely out of fear that history would repeat itself, went too far in weakening the executive role. I ask you: Can you be the head of the government if you can't make the Minister of the Economy carry out the economic policy that you believe in?" However, in the end, Berlusconi is pleased at his accomplishments and he is the longer-serving prime minister in postwar history. This article is a bit biased, supporting Berlusconi, but at the same time it is a direct interview with Berlusconi and incorporates many quotes, making it an extremely reliable source.

Annotated Bibliography 9


MLA:
"Can Berlusconi's Departure Save the Euro? - Megan McArdle - Business - The Atlantic." The Atlantic — News and analysis on politics, business, culture, technology, national, international, and life รข€“ TheAtlantic.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Jan. 2012. <http://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2011/11/can-berlusconis-departure-save-the-euro/248121/>.

This article discusses Berlusconi’s resignation and his effect on Italy. Berlusconi decided to step down after Parliament voted on the new austerity measures, and as a result the stock market has increased. This is because it is hoped that Berlusconi’s resignation will allow Italy’s economy to rebound. However, Italy’s five-year bond yield was at 6.85% at the time of this article and is rising to 7%, which is considered the “tipping point” where other PIIGS had to seek bailout. Also, Italy “has to roll over more than 360 billion euros worth of debt in 2012,” which is almost 20% of their GDP. The author is clearly giving his or her opinion in this article, frequently using the word “I,” but also gives the other side of the argument, unsure of what Italy’s tipping point will be. The Atlantic monthly is a very credible source but this article was biased.